The desire to start or grow a family is deeply felt by many men. However, when conception proves difficult after months or even years of trying, it can become a significant source of stress and worry.
While infertility is often perceived as primarily a female issue, studies indicate that male factors can also contribute to about 50% of infertility cases . This means it’s equally important for men to seek answers alongside their partners.
Understanding the process can ease anxiety. If you’re considering getting checked, you likely have questions. This article answers seven frequently asked questions about fertility tests for men.
1. When Should I Consider Male Fertility Testing?
A male fertility test is typically recommended when a couple hasn’t conceived after one year of regular, unprotected intercourse. However, seeking tests earlier might be advisable if you have:
- Problems with sexual function (e.g., erectile dysfunction, low libido).
- A history of testicular injury or surgery.
- Previous urinary tract surgeries.
- A history of mumps infection after puberty.
- Untreated or poorly treated STIs. (Internal Link Opportunity: Link “STIs” to the Healthtracka STI testing article/Lemon Kit page).
- Known risk factors for infertility.
2. What Are the Main Fertility Tests for Men?
There isn’t one single “best” test; rather, doctors use a combination of fertility tests for men to build a complete picture. The most common and important ones include:
- Semen Analysis: This cornerstone male fertility test (also called a seminogram or sperm test) examines the quantity and quality of sperm and semen.
- Hormone Testing: Checks levels of hormones crucial for sperm production and sexual function.
- Radiological Imaging (Ultrasound): Used occasionally to look for structural issues like blockages in the reproductive tract.
Often, a semen analysis is the first step. Depending on those results, further fertility tests for men, like hormone checks, might be recommended.
3. What Does Semen Analysis Involve?
This non-invasive test analyzes a semen sample (the fluid ejaculated) for several key factors:
- Volume: The amount of semen produced (Normal: 1.5-7.6mL).
- Sperm Count: The number of sperm per milliliter (Normal: ≥15 million/mL). Often referred to simply as a “sperm count test”.
- Sperm Motility: The percentage of sperm actively moving forward (Progressive motility should ideally be high, often ≥32-40% depending on criteria).
- Sperm Morphology: The shape and structure of the sperm (A certain percentage should have a normal shape for optimal fertilization potential).
Since sperm parameters can fluctuate, your doctor might request 2-3 samples over a few months for a more accurate assessment of your sperm health as part of your male fertility check up.
4. How Is a Semen Sample Collected for Analysis?
You’ll need to provide a fresh semen sample. Common methods include:
- Masturbation: This is the preferred method as it ensures the entire sample is collected directly into a sterile container provided by the lab/clinic.
- Coitus Interruptus (Withdrawal): Collecting the sample after withdrawal during intercourse. Risk of sample loss or contamination.
- Special Collection Condom: Using a non-lubricated, non-spermicidal condom during intercourse.
If collected at home via masturbation, the sample usually needs to reach the lab within one hour and be kept close to body temperature to maintain viability. If this isn’t possible, labs typically provide a private room for collection. It’s often recommended to collect the sample earlier in the day (before 10 AM).
5. Are There Precautions Before a Semen Analysis?
Yes, to ensure accurate results for this key male fertility test:
- Abstain from ejaculation (sex or masturbation) for 2-5 days prior to the test (follow specific lab instructions).
- Avoid alcohol, caffeine, and recreational drugs for a few days beforehand.
- Inform your doctor about all medications and herbal supplements you are taking. You might be asked to temporarily stop certain hormone medications.
- Bring any relevant medical records or previous test results.
6. Can I Use an At-Home Fertility Test Kit Instead?
At-home sperm test kits are available. They typically measure sperm concentration (count) based on a specific protein.
- Pros: Convenient, private.
- Cons: They provide very limited information. They cannot assess crucial factors like sperm motility or morphology, which are vital for fertility. A “positive” result on a home kit (indicating normal count) doesn’t guarantee fertility, and a negative result requires confirmation with a full lab semen analysis. They are best seen as a preliminary screening tool, not a replacement for comprehensive fertility tests for men done in a lab.
7. What Happens if My Fertility Test Results Are Abnormal?
If results from your fertility tests for men indicate an issue, your doctor will likely discuss the findings and may refer you to a fertility specialist (like a urologist or andrologist) for further investigation. Treatment depends entirely on the underlying cause:
- Hormonal Imbalances: Medications might be prescribed.
- Infections: Antibiotics may be needed.
- Structural Issues (Blockages): Surgery might be an option.
- Lifestyle Factors: Advice on diet, exercise, reducing alcohol/smoking, and avoiding excessive heat (e.g., tight underwear) may be given.
- Supplements: Certain supplements might be suggested.
- Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART): Options like IUI or IVF might be discussed if other treatments aren’t successful.
Understanding Your Fertility
Dealing with potential infertility can be stressful, but seeking answers is a proactive step. Understanding the available fertility tests for men and discussing them with your healthcare provider is key.
Healthtracka offers convenient access to essential male infertility tests in Nigeria, including semen analysis kits and relevant hormone tests, with the option for at-home sample collection where applicable.
Ready to get clarity on your fertility? Book your Male Fertility Test with Healthtracka today.
